Testing Self-organized Criticality across the Main Sequence Using Stellar Flares from TESS

Self-organized criticality describes a class of dynamical systems that maintain themselves in an attractor state with no intrinsic length or time scale. Fundamentally, this theoretical construct requires mechanism for instability may trigger additional instabilities locally via dissipative processes. This concept has been invoked to explain nonlinear phenomena such as featureless energy spectra have observed empirically earthquakes, avalanches, and solar flares. If interpretation proves correct, it implies the coronal magnetic field maintains itself critical delicate balance between dynamo-driven injection release flaring events. All-sky high-cadence surveys like Transiting Exoplanet Survey Satellite (TESS) provide necessary data compare distribution events stars different spectral types Sun. We identified $\sim 10^6$ on 10^5$ by TESS at 2-minute cadence. By fitting flare frequency mass bins, we find all main sequence exhibit distributions similar Sun, independent their age. suggest universally topologies reconnection be able infer properties fields, interior structure, dynamo mechanisms are otherwise unresolved point sources.